Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Martinique (2005)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Martinique (2005)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	Martinique (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 22.4% (male 49,112/female 47,697) 15-64 years: 67.2% (male 145,531/female 145,250) 65 years and over: 10.5% (male 20,423/female 24,887) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane
Airports	5 (2002)	2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 1,100 sq km land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	14.14 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $900 million expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)
Capital	Stanley	Fort-de-France
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid
Coastline	1,288 km	350 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	6.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$180 million (1994)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	none	NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	1.095 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	1.178 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	NA
Ethnic groups	British	African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5%
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004 head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports	NA (2001)	NA
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples (2001 est.)
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 6% industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $14,400 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	14 40 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: 2,105 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe
Imports	NA (2001)	NA
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 7.09 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.73 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	3.9% (1990)
International organization participation	ICFTU	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	165,900 (1998)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 10.38% permanent crops: 9.43% other: 80.19% (2001)
Languages	English	French, Creole patois
Legal system	English common law	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 2001 (next to be held September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 79.04 years male: 79.43 years female: 78.64 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.7% male: 97.4% female: 98.1% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references	South America	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural) adjective: Martiniquais
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-0.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	432,900 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	0.76% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	Fort-de-France, La Trinite, Marin
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	172,000 est (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	319,900 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	1.79 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	27.2% (1998)
Waterways	none	-

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